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| Energy Basics
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- Energy can not be created or destroyed - just transformed into other forms.
- Some energy will be "wasted" when transferred or transformed.
- Energy is eventually transferred to the surroundings as heat.
- The more useful energy a device produces, the more efficient we say it is.
- Energy is measured in joules.
- Types of energy: electrical, light, sound, kinetic, nuclear, thermal
- And potential energies: gravitational, elastic, chemical.
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| Thermal Energy
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- Conduction and Convection involves particles, and cannot work in a vacuum.
- Conduction is where particles vibrate and pass on their energy to other particles through a solid.
- Convection is the transfer of heat through the physical movement of particles in fluids.
- Radiation can work in a vacuum, since it doesn't involve particles.
- Thermal Radiation is infrared radiation.
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| Energy Efficiency
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- Energy efficiency is a measure of how well a device or machine converts its input energy into useful output energy.
- A device is never 100% efficient.
- All energy will become thermal energy and transferred to the environment.
- Energy will spread out making it difficult to be used for future energy transformation.
- Efficiency = (Useful energy transferred by a device)/(Total energy supplied to a device)
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| Electricity in practice
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- Energy transferred (kWh) = Power (kW) x Time (h)
- Total cost = Energy transferred (kWh) x Cost per kilowatt-hour
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| Generating Electricity
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